Egypt |
 |
| Official name: |
Arab Republic of Egypt; Gumhuriyat Misr Al Arabiya |
| Geography: |
Area: 1,001,450 sq. km (386,000 sq. mi.); approximately equal to Texas and New Mexico combined. Cities: Capital--Cairo (pop. estimated at 16 million). Other cities--Alexandria (6 million), Aswan, Asyut, Port Said, Suez, Ismailia. Terrain: Desert, except Nile valley and delta. Climate: Dry, hot summers; moderate winters. |
| People: |
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Egyptian(s). Population (2000): 68 million. Annual growth rate (1999): 1.8%. Ethnic groups: Egyptian, Bedouin Arab, Nubian. Religions: Sunni Muslim 90%, Coptic Christian. Languages: Arabic (official), English, French. Education: Years compulsory--ages 6-15. Literacy--total adult: 55.2%, male: 66.6%, female: 43.6%(1999-2000 est.). Health: Infant mortality rate(1999)--41/1,000. Life expectancy (1999)--65.3 yrs. male, 68.5 yrs. female. |
| Government: |
Type: Republic. Independence: 1922. Constitution: 1971. Branches: Executive--president, prime minister, cabinet. Legislative--People's Assembly (444 elected and 10 presidentially appointed members) and Shura (consultative) Council (176 elected members, 88 presidentially appointed). Judicial--Supreme Constitutional Court. Administrative subdivisions: 26 governorates. Principal political parties: National Democratic Party (ruling). Principal opposition parties--Wafd Party, Liberal Party, National Progressive Unionist Grouping (Tagammau), and Nasserite Party. Suffrage: Universal at 18. |
| Economy |
GDP (FY 1999-2000): $92.39 billion. Annual growth rate (1999-2000): 4%. Per capita GDP (1999-2000): $1,420. Natural resources: Petroleum and natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, zinc. Agriculture: Products--cotton, rice, onions, beans, citrus fruits, wheat, corn, barley, sugar. Industry: Types--food processing, textiles, chemicals, petrochemicals, construction, light manufacturing, iron and steel products, aluminum, cement, military equipment. Trade (FY 1999-2000): Exports--$6.4 billion: petroleum, clothing and textiles, cotton, manufactured goods. Major markets--E.U., U.S., Middle East, Japan. Imports--$17.86 billion: machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, livestock, food and beverages, paper and wood products, chemicals. Major suppliers--U.S., E.U., Japan. |
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